PT Journal AU Skopal, P TI Films out of Necessity. The Means of Framing Film Screenings and Spectatorial Experiences in the Stalinist Era SO Iluminace PY 2009 BP 71 EP 92 VL 21 IS 3 WP https://iluminace.cz/en/artkey/ilu-200903-0005.php DE film history; film distribution; audience; film weekly; communistic ideology; sociology of film SN 0862397X AB The author focuses on the practice of showing older Czech films newly equipped with an introductory text and the so-called extended programmes, i.e. attaching medium-length documentaries to feature films in the early 1950s. These practices, he argues, demonstrate the contradiction between two ways of understanding cinema in post-war cultural policy - cinema as a place of education or upbringing and cinema as a place of entertainment. ER